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Otic drugs (name: ofloxacin (mechanism of action-inhibition of…
Otic drugs
name: ofloxacin
mechanism of action-inhibition of topoisomerase(DNA gyrase), enzymes,which inhibits relaxation of supercoiled DNA and promotes breaking of double stranded DNA
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contra-indications- tablets is contraindicated in person with a history of hypersensitivity associated with the use of ofloxacin.
side effects-nausea, vomiting,diarrhea,headache,dizziness,skin itching
storage condition-store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat,moisture and direct light.
route of administration-oral,intravenous,opthalmic/otic(eye drops and ear drops)
name: ciprofloxacin
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contra-indication- the following are contraindicated with this drug;lower seizure threshold, low amount of magnesium in the blood,low amount of potassium in the blood.
indications-indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated microorganisms of the acute otitis media and acute otitis externa
side effects-itching or pain after using the drops, fussiness or irritability, headache, stuffy nose and sore throat
mechanism of action- it is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. ciprofloxin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone class
routes of administration- by mouth, intravenous, topical (ear drops, eye drops)
name: acetic acid
side effect-severe burning or irritation after using the ear drops,mild stinging or burning after use, difficult in breathing, swelling of lips
indication- used to treat outer ear infection and also treating the infection reduces pain and swelling in the ear
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mechanism of action- it is effective against microorganisms in patients with acute diffuse external otitis
name:pramoxine
side effect-redness,irritation,swelling,burning,stinging or pain at affected area and also dryness at affected area.
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storage condition- store at room temperature,away from heat.
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name: benzocaine
mechanism of action-reversibly stabilizes the neuronal membrane which decrease its permeability to sodium ions and also inhibit thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulse
indication-it is indicated to treat a variety of pain. it maybe used for local anesthesis of oral and pharyngeal mucous membrane and otic pain
side effects- headache, weakness, dizziness, breathing problem, fast heart rate, bluish colored skin, swelling, warmth or redness
storage condition-store in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture,and direct light.
contra-indication: contraindicated to abnormal heart rhythm, decreased lung function,seizures,metheglobinemia,anemia from pyruvate kinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
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name:sinuend
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side effect increase risk of arrhymias,vomiting may occur,insomia
mechanism of action- they have analgesic, antipyretic, sympathomimetic and histamines
route of administration-orally, topical
contraindication-severe liver or kidney function impairment, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease ,hypertension
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name;azithromycin
indications-indicated to treat lower respiratory tract infection, upper respiraitory tract
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side effects-neutropenia,palpation,chest pains, nausea,anorexia,
storage condition-storage below 25 degrees celcius, protect from sunlight
mechanism of action-azithromycin is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestional tract with an oral bioavailability of approximately 37% peak concentration occur approximately 2-3 hours after oral administration
name;clotrimazole
side effects-redness,blistering,stinging,swelling
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mechanism of action- it works kill individual candida or fungal cell walls, it binds to phospholipids in the cell membranes and inhibits the biosynthesis of steroid and other steroids required for cell production
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contraindication-it is contra-indicated in patients with oncymosis,pregnancy,breastfeeding
indication-effective treatment for mouth candidiasis,pharynx for dermatophytoses and other superficial fungal skin infection