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The Respiratory System (disorders of the respiratory system (chronic…

- - - - frontal
      - sphenoid
      - ethmoid
      - maxillary
      - lighten the skull
      - resonance chamber for speech
      - produces mucus
  - - - nasopharynx
        
        superior region behind the nasal cavity
        
        only passageway for air!!!
      - oropharynx
        
        middle region attached to the larynx
      - oropharynx and laryngopharynx are common passageways for air and food
  - - - is in opposite direction of the air coming in
      - mucosa is loaded with dust and other debris that keeps it away from the lungs
- - - - inside the nose
    - - on the side of the nose
    - - neck area , throat area
    - - adam's apple
    - - above the larynx
  - - - just below the larynx
    - - thoracic cavity
      - middle lobe
        
        located on the right lung
      - superior lobe
        
        the top of the right and left lungs
      - inferior lobe
        
        the bottom of the right and left lungs
    - - branch from the trachea and it goes into smaller and smaller branches
      - right primary bronchi
      - left primary bronchi
    - - below the lungs
- - - - primary bronchi
      - secondary bronchi
      - tertiary bronchi
      - bronchiole
      - terminal bronchioli
        
        end of alveoli
  - - - branch from branchioles
    - - air sacs
      - sites of gas exchange surrounded by capillaries
      - produce surfactant and allows alveoli to expand
  - - - oxygen enters blood
      - carbon dioxide enters alveoli
- - - - tidial volume + inspiratory reserve volume
    - - residual volume + expiratory reserve volume
    - - inspiratory reserve volume + tidial volume + expiratory reserve volume
    - - sum of all volumes
- - - - squamous cell carcinoma
      - adenocarcinoma
      - small cell carcinoma
  - - - over secretion of thick mucus clogs the respiratory sysem
  - - - 40-80 per min
    - - 30 per min
    - - 25 per min
    - - 12-18 per min
- - - - they carry oxygen to the cells
    - - moving air in and out of the lungs
    - - oxygen carried as oxyhemoglobin in blood
    - - exchange of gases between blood and body cells
  - - - Inspiration
        
        flow of air into the lungs
      - expiration
        
        air leaving the lungs
  - - - scalenes muscles, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis minor
  - - - diaphragm and rib muscles relax