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respiratory system (lower RT (Left Lung (cardiac notch, 10% smaller, 2…
respiratory system
lower RT
Left Lung
cardiac notch, 10% smaller, 2 lobes
Alveoli
at end of terminal bronchioles, site of gas exchange
Epiglottis
superior larynx, flap of cartilage that opens to allow air to pass and closes when swallowing food or drink
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Lungs
found in pleural cavity, from clavicle to diphragm
Diaphragm
muscke that forms the thoracic floor, when it contracts it flattens and help lungs expand for inhalation
Bronchioles
further division of tertiary bronchi, less cartilage and more smooth muscle
Glottis
opening to the larynx, covered by the epiglottis when swallowing
Primary Bronchi
main two branches of of trachea; branches to right and left lungs, they branch 3 times
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Trachea
windpipe anterior to esophagus, cartilage tube with rings of hyaline cartilage so it does not collapse
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Adam's Apple
larger in males because of hormones, it is cartilage that surrounds the larynx for protection
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disorders
Asthma
a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing
Emphysema
walls of alveoli destroyed, often a precursor to lung cancer
Asthma Attack
bronchiole smooth muscle goes into spasms and collapse because no supporting cartilage, adrenaline helps open up
Lung Cancer
leading cause if cancer death, usually well advanced when diagnosed and death usually occurs withing a year, survival rate is 10-15%, 85% of lung cancer due to smoking
Laryngitis
inflammation of larynx from infection and irritants, causes swelling of vocal chords so they cannot vibrate
Pneumonia
most common infectious cause of death in U.S., acute inflammation of alveoli which causes fluid accumulation
Pulmonary Edema
abnormal fluid build-up in interstitial spaces and alveoli, can occur during heart attack
COPD
an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. This disease is characterized by increasing breathlessness.
Tuberculosis
bacteria infects lungs, multiply and cause inflammation
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexplained death of a baby younger than 1 year old. Most SIDS deaths are associated with sleep, which is why it's sometimes still called "crib death."
chronic bronchitis
The inflamed bronchial tubes produce a lot of mucus. This leads to coughing and difficulty breathing. Cigarette smoking is the most common cause
upper RT
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Epiglottis
superior larynx, flap of cartilage that opens to allow air to pass and closes when swallowing food or drink
Nasal Conchae
increases surface area for filtration of air, warms, and moistens air, has olfactory receptors
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Paranasal Sinuses
hollow cavities within certain skull bones; functions to lighten the skull, provide resonance for speech, and produce mucus
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3 sections of pharynx
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Oropharynx
area behind the oral cavity; passageway for air, food, and water
Laryngopharynx
area above the larynx; passageway for air, food, and water
Nasal Septum
the ethmoid and vomer bone, with cartilage, that divides the left and right sides
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