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Chapter 14: The Lymphoid System and Immunity (Kahoot 14.1 and 14.2 (Flow…

- - - - Receive lymph though their thin walls
      - Are associated with anchoring filaments which serve and important function during edema
      - Are microscopic closed-ended tubes that extend into interstitial spaces
      - They are located throughout the body, EXCEPT IN
        
        Avascular tissue
        
        CNS
        
        Splenic pulp
        
        Bone marrow
- - - - Innate: nonspecific resistance; 1st and 2nd lines of defenses
      - Adaptive: specific resistance immunity; the 3rd line of defense
  - - - Physical Barriers
        
        the skin has a thick layer of dead cells in the epidermis which provides a physical barrier. Periodic shedding of the epidermis removes microbes
        
        The mucus membranes and mucus that traps microbes
        
        Hair within the nose filters air containing microbes, dust, and pollutants
        
        Cilia lines the upper respiratory tract traps and propels inhaled debris to throat
        
        Urine flushes microbes out of the urethra
        
        defecation and vomiting- expels microorganisms
      - Chemical Barriers
        
        1. Lysosomes: an enzymes produced in tears, perspiration, and saliva can break down cell walls and thus acts as an antibiotic (kills bacteria)
        
        Gastric Juice: in the stomach destroys bacteria and most toxins because the gastric juice is highly acidic (pH 2-3)
        
        Saliva: dilutes the number of microorganisms and washes the teeth and mouth
        
        Acidity: on the skin inhibit bacterial growth
        
        Sebum: (unsaturated fatty acids) provides a protective film on the skin and inhibits growth
        
        Hyaluroric acid: is a gelatinous substance that slows the spread of noxious agents