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Normative ethical theories focus on how ppl should do(Utilitarianism)规范理论…
Normative ethical theories
focus on how ppl should do
(Utilitarianism)规范理论
Teleological theories(consequential)
egoism & ethical egoism 伦理利己主义 （利己，但不损人）区别于sychological egoism 因should do
缺点：
utilitarianism 看所有人的consiquence 都考虑进去，考虑是否总的benefits 大于costs (greatest number of ppl)
Unilitarianism analysis 区别于cost-benefit analysis
缺点：
measuring non-economic effects is hard and subjetive
identify all potential stakeholders is imposible
永远牺牲少数人的利益
In business, tend to 为了顾全大局（整个公司盈利），撤掉不盈利的部门（ignore other factors）
Deontological theories (duty based) 做事的目的比结果重要
Immanuel Kant MOTIVE is far more important
为了 Right
缺点：不能解决conflicts of rights and obligations
缺点： 没有guide解决不同rights之间priority的问题
为了justice
procedure Justice 程序正义，任何人在特定情况下都应该被公平对待
distribution Justice 一个小组中分配好处及责任应该公正，责任大，好处应相应多
virtual ethic what ppl should be
What PPL should be
不是与生俱来的，可以修炼的, become a better ppl
缺点： 没provide guidance