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S204 Sociology Lesson 8: Social Class & Sport (Social Mobility…
S204 Sociology Lesson 8: Social Class & Sport
Social Class
A social class system is defined by Coakley as "categories of people who share an economic position in society based on their income, wealth (savings & assets), education, occupation & social connection
Terms of Social Class
Egalitarianism
Is a social system that supports the belief that all people are equal & should have the same rights & opportunities
Meritocracy
Is a social system in which people have the power or prestige because of their abilities & intelligence, rather than because of their wealth or social status
Democratisation
Is the opening up of sports to people from more varied social class and status background
Social class is determined by a complex set of variables
Although income is an important determinant of social class, other factors such as education, occupation plays as part as well
People with moderate income can belong to upper social class, for example
religious leaders, educators command prestige & status disproportionate to their income earnings.
Social Stratification
Social stratification defined by Coakley as "structued forms of economic inequalities that are part of the organisation of everyday social life"
Social status can either be earned or inherited
Earned - Social status is earned by one's achievements, For example:
education, work, success, income. political position
Inherited - Social status determined by birth or ascribed
Social Stratification is instutionalised inequality
Social Mobility
Horizontal mobility
movement from one position to another roughly equivalent in social status. Eg:
A nurse to a school teacher
Downward mobility
movement from one position to one further down the scale (losing one job & being placed on welfare)
Refers to the passage of individuals from one social class to another
Upward mobility
Movement from one position to one further up the scale. Eg:
the child of a blue-collar worker becomes a physician