Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
social influence (obedience: dis positional explanations (the…
social influence
obedience: dis positional explanations
the authoritarian personality-
procedure; adorno et al used F-scale to study unconscious attitudes to other racial groups
findings; people with authoritarian personalities identify with the 'strong' and have fixed cognitive style
authoritarian characteristics ; extreme respects for authority and obedience to it
origin of authoritarian personality; harsh parenting create hostility that cannot be expressed against parenting so is displaced.
conformity: asch's research
procedure- confederates deliberately gave wrong answers to see if participants would conform
findings- naive participants conformed on 36.8% of trails. 25% never conformed
variations- conformity increased up to a group size of four.
dissenter reduced conformity
conformity increased when tasks were harder
conformity to social roles: zimbardos reseach
procedure- mock prison with participants randomly assigned roles of prisoners and guards
findings- guards become increasingly brutal, prisoners increasingly withdrawn and drepressed.
conclusion- participants conformed to their roles of guards and prisoners
obedience situational variables
proximity- obedience decreased to 40% when the teacher could hear the learner and to 30% in touch proximity condition
locations- obedience decreased to 47.5% when study moved to a run down office block
uniform- obedience decreased to 20& when a member of the public was the experimenter
minority influence
consistency- if the minority is consistent this attracts the attention of the majority over time
commitment- augmentation principle; personal sacrifices show commitment and attract attention
flexibility-minority more influencing if they accept some counter arguments
social influence and social change
the special role of minority influence- powerful force for innovation and change for example civil rights movement in USA
lessons from conformity research- normative social influence can lead to social change by drawing attention to what the majority is doing
lessons from obedience research- disobedient role model. gradual commitment is how obedience can lead to change
obedience: milgrams research
procedure- participants were giving fake shocks to a 'learner' in obedience to instructions given by a 'experimenter'
findings- 65% gave highest show of 450v, 100% went all the way up to 300v, many showed signs of anxiety
obedience: social-psychological factors
agentic state
agentic state- acting as an agent of another
autonomous state- free to act according to conscience
blinding factors- allow the individual to ignore the damaging factors of obedient behavior
legitimacy of authority
legitimacy of authority- created by hierarchical nature of society
destructive authority- problems arise e.g. Hitler
resistance to social influence
social support
conformity- reduced by presence of dissenters from the group. .
obedience- decreases with the presence of a disobedient peer who acts as a model to follow
locus of control;
LOC is a sense of what directs events in our lives.
continuum-high internal and one end and high external at the other
resistance to social influence- people with high internal locus of control are more able to resist pressures to conform and obey.
conformity: types and explanations
internalization- private and public internalization of group norms
identification- change behavior to be apart of a group we identify with
compliance- go along with a group publicly but do not privately change