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Paper 2 (A Scalar Quantity has just a number (Speed, Distance, Mass,…
Paper 2
A
Scalar Quantity
has just a
number
Speed
Distance
Mass
Temperature
Energy
A
Vector Quantity
has a
number
and
direction
.
Displacement
Velocity
Accelaration
Momentum
Force
Magnetic Field
goes from
North to South
.
Like poles attrach
Opposite poles repel
Magnetic Materials
:
Metals - Iron, Nickel, Cobalt.
The Generator Effect:
Movement of a wire through a Magneti Field, which produces a current
.
A
Series
circuit travels in
one direction
.
Potential Difference: Split - Compnents
Resistance: Total = R1 + R2
A
Parallel
circuit
splits across branches
.
Potential Difference: Same Throughout
Resistance: Total = 1/R1 + 1/R2
Mains Electricity
=
230V 50Hz
Alternating Current (AC)
travels from positive to negative.
Direct Current (DC)
is a flow of electrical charge in a direct, or movement around the positive, line .
Batteries
Wires
Electric Field
goes from
Positive to Negative
There's a region of space, which is the Electric Field
Charged particles in the region may experience a force.
Specific Heat Capacity:
Energy Needed to raise a Temperature of 1kg by %
Specific Heat
:
Energy needed to change a solid to a liquid (melting point)
1J = 1nm
Covert from Celsius to Kelvin:
+273
Energy
cannot
be created or destroyed. It is only
transformed into another type of energy
.
Wasted Energy
is energy that isn't intended to be there and
dissipated into the surrounding
.
General Physics
Current
is the
flow of elctrons
Potential Differences
means it
pushes the current around
Resistance
is something that
slows down the current
Density
is a
mass in a set volume
Charge
is the
value of electricity flowing in a circuit
Magnetic Flux Density
is the
amount of magnetic flux in a certain area
Static Electricity
Happens when
Insulators
are
rubbed together
It's the movement of
electrons
from a
positive to negative
.
Shock
comes when the
charge restarts/resets
.
ElectroMagnet
Factors
that
Affect Force Size
Changing Current
Changing Strength of Magnet
Changing angle between wire and magnetic line
When a
current
is
passed through a wire
Magnetic Field
created around the wire
Magnetises
the
Iron Core
and creates the
Electromagnet
The
Strength
can be
changed
by:
Changing the Current
Changing the coils around the Iron Case
Transformers
Calculation
Vs x Is = Vp x Ip
Voltage 2nd Coil (V) x Current 2nd Coil (A) = Voltage P Coil (V) x Current P Coil (A)
Step-Up Transformer
:
Low to High Voltage
2nd Voltage > Primary Voltage
Step-Down Transformer
:
High to Low Volatage
2nd Voltage < Primary Voltage
Forces
Unbalanced Forces
Turning Affect
(Clockwise or Anti-clockwise)
Object
sinks
in the water.
Balanced Forces
No Turning Affect
Object well
float
in water.
ATMOSPHERE
Further from Gravity
Less Pressure
Thinner the Atmosphere
Closer to Gravity
More Pressure
Thicker the Atmosphere