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Cardiovascular System - Darren Butarbutar (Disorders of the Cardiovascular…
Cardiovascular System - Darren Butarbutar
Major Functions of the Cardiovascular System
Hormone Delivery.
Body Temperature Regulation.
Disease Protection and Healing.
Nutrient and Waste Product Transport.
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport. Supplying oxygen to the body is the most essential function of the cardiovascular system.
Blood Flow through the Heart and Body
The pulmonary veins empty oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the left atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your left atrium into your left ventricle through the open mitral valve.
As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body.
Layers Of The Heart
Myocardium
middle layer of the heart wall. It is composed of cardiac muscle fivers, which enable heart contractions. The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall, with its thickness varying in different parts of the heart
Endocardium
Innermost thin layer of the wall. The layer lines the inner heart chambers, and covers heart valves.
Epicardium
outermost layer of the wall which protects the heart. It assists in production of pericardial fluid
Anatomy Of The Heart
Anterior View
Left atrium
Auricle of left atrium
Great cardiac vein
Left pulmonary veins
Posterior vein of left ventricle
Left pulmonary artery
Left ventricle
Aorta
Apex
Superior Vena cava
Right pulmonary artery
Right pulmonary veins
Right atrium
Inferior Vena Cava
Coronorary Sinus
Right coronary artery
Posterior interventricular artery
Middle cardiac vein
Right ventricle
Posterior View
Right atrium
Right coronary artery
Right pulmonary veins
Anterior cardiac vein
Pulmonary trunk
Right ventricle
Ascending aorta
Small cardiac vein
Right pulmonary artery
Inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
Right marginal artery
Brachiocepgalic trunk
Aortic arch
Left s ubclavain artery
Ligamentum ateriosum
Left common carotid artery
Left pulmonary artery
Left pulmonary veins
Auricle of left atrium
Circumflex artery
Left coronary artery
Left ventricle
Great cardiac vein
Frontal Dissection
Interventricular septum
Endo-Myo-Epicardium
Trabeculae carneae
Triscuspid valve
Papillary muscle
Biscuspid valve
Chordae tendineae
Structural & Functional Differences between blood vessel types
Capillaries
This network to allow substance to diffuse into tissue
Carry food or oxygen to tissues and carry waste away
Veins
outer layer and elastic tissue
Transportation of deoxygenated blood to the heart
Arteries
Thick walled and Elastic fibers and fibrous tissue
transportation of oxygenated blood away from heart
Cardiac Cycle and the ECG
The cardiac cycle is a sequence of events that occurs when the heart beats. During this process there are two phases of the cardiac cycle.
Diastole phase - the hearts ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood
Systole phase - ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart and to the arteries
ECG
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a medical test that detects heart problems by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart as it contracts.
Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the endocardium, usually confined to the edocardium of the heart valves.
Myocarditis
inflammation of the cardiac muscle layer
Asystole
situation in which the heart fails to contract
Diuretic
A chemical that promotes urine formation, thus reducing blood volume.
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein accompanied by painful throbbing and redness of the skin over inflamed vessel
Sclerotherapy
Procedure for removing varicose or spider veins
Superficial thrombophlebitis
inflammation and clot formation in superficial veins
Major Veins and Arteries of the Body
Veins
pulmonary artery
inferior vena cava
pulmonary vein
aorta
superior vena cava
Arteries
Aorta
carotid artery
brachiocephalic artery
subclavain artery