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crime- Marxist perspective. (criminogenic capitalism (crime = inevitable…
crime- Marxist perspective.
criminogenic capitalism
crime = inevitable as capitalism by its nature causes crime.
poverty might = crime is the only way wc can survive.
alienation & lack of control may lead to non-utilitarian crime like violence an vandalism.
found in all soc class- cap enc a dog eat dog approach and greed.
the state and law making- law reflects interests of the ruling class.
chamblis (1975)-
laws are instruments of ruling class as they oftern protect private property,
stepen box- takes this further and says- serious crime is ideologically constructed which are usualy property crimes which are linked to the wc,
selective reinforcement
police and courts tend to ignore crimes of the powerful.
Reiman(2001)
- says street crimes are much more likely to be pursued than white collar crime that happens in the city. this = crimes commit ed by higher class people are less likely to be treat as criminal. .
box says that the capitalist system makes out that corporate crimes are less harmful than other crimes 'mystification' he calls itand this explain why little prosecutions are made to capitalists.
white collar crime
Edwin sutherland 1949-
crime committed by a person of high social status. In the cause of their occupation he challenged the view that crime is a wc prob.
Corporate crime-
slapper & toms
- say this type of crime is law breaking committed by or for the corporation which furthers their interests.
The four main types of corporate crime-
1- financial crime
- illegal sharing deals or accounting
2- negligence-
traditional marxists say that businesses try to maximise profit by minimising health and safety one strategy is to build factories in the less developed countries as they have less health and safety rules.
3- environmental crime
- polluting the environment companies can face punishments such as fines.
4- crime against customers-
selling dangerous goods or food which isn't fit for consumption.
Punishment of white collar crime (more like no punishment)
Often treated differently to other crimes. Gordon hughes and mary langan (2001) due to four main factors.
1- low visibility-
white collar crimes are usually hidden from human gaze.
2- complexity-
large scale fraud is often hard to detect due to the complexity of the crime
3- diffusion of responsibility-
responsibility for corporate crime is often diffused (wide spread)
4- diffusion of victimisation-
many white col crimes are often described as victim less crimes there's no obvious victims eg- environmental pollution can impact 100s of people in diff ways.
Regulating corporate crime-
Corral (2001)
says compared to other crimes corporate crimes have lower prosecution agencies are more likely to offer official warnings rather than prosecution.
evaluation
-strengths- offers expliantion of crime and cap soci. it also casts doubts on official stats of crime
weakness- many laws seem to bennifit everyone eg- traffic laws. it ignoredindividual motivation . it ignores other factors which may influence crime such as ethnicity,