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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (Clinical presentation (Asymptomatic,…

- - - - Anaemia
        E.g. folate, B12, Fe supplements, EPO,
        blood transfusions
      - Hyperkalemia
        Ca resonium, loop diuretics
      - Oedema
        E.g. loop diuretic (furosemide)
        MOA: promotes Na and water loss
      - Acidosis
        E.g. Na-bicarbonate (special guidance)
      - Uraemia
        Dilaysis, transplantation
      - Restless legs/cramps
        Clonazepam, gabapentin, quinine sulfate
    - - Bone
        
        Phosphate binders
        Indication: hyper-phos
        E.g. calcichew
        MOA: bind phosphate preventing precipitation
        
        Vit D replacement
        Indication: hypo-Ca
        E.g. alfa-calcidol
        MOA: replaces 1a-D3, bypassing renal metabolic step
        
        Ca supplementation
        Indication: hypo-Ca
        
        Ca mimetics
        Indication: uncontrolled/tertiary hyperparathyroidism
      - Infection
        
        Vaccinations
        E.g. influenza, pneumococcal
      - CVD
        
        Lipid-lowering agent
        Indication: all patients
        E.g. atorvastatin, benzafibrate
        
        Anti-HTN
        Indication: HTN
        E.g. ACE-I, CCB
        
        Anti-platelet
        Indication: all patients
        E.g. aspirin, clopidogrel
        
        Anti-DM
        Indication: T2DM
        E.g. metformin, insulin etc.