Reproductions in Humans

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Development of embryo

Fertilisation

The egg from the ovary is surrounded by a few layers of follicle cells

To penetrate, the acrosome of the sperm releases enzymes

The enzyme disperses the follicles and breaks down some of the egg membrane

Only 1 sperm nucleus enters the cell and fuses with the nucleus to form a zygote

As soon as a sperm enters the egg, the cell membrane changes so that no further entry will occur

Cilia lining in the oviduct and peristaltic movement help move the zygote to the uterus

Zygote divides by mitosis to form the embryo

Eventually, the embryo becomes embedded in the uterine lining

Villi will start to grow from the embryo into the uterine lining. They contain the blood capillaries of the embryo

The villi and the uterine lining in which the villi is embedded is called the placenta

The amniotic sac begins to develop at about the same time as the placenta

The amniotic sac encloses the embryo in a fluid-filled space called the amniotic sac, which contains amniotic fluid

Sexually Transmitted Infection

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Signs and Symptoms

Persistent fever

Severe diarrhoea lasting for months

Pneumonia

Kaposi's Sarcome

Brain infection

Widespread tuberculosis affecting many organs at once

Modes of transmission

Blood transfusion

Sharing needles

Sexual intercourse with a infected person

Prevention methods

Keep to 1 partner

Use condoms

Do not share needles/ Ensure needles are sterilised