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The Muscular System (Types (SMOOTH (Location (Stomach, Intestines, Bladder…
The Muscular System
Types
SMOOTH
Features
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE
Cannot be controlled consciously
Works automatically to control interanal movements
Digestion
Location
Stomach
Intestines
Bladder
Uterus
CARDIAC
Features
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE
Cardiac muscle cells arrenged in a network / web
Allows the heart muscle to contract efficiently / rhytmically
STRIPED / STRIATED
With light / dark band of cells with many nuclei
Pump blood through the vascular system
Location
ONLY IN THE HEART
SKELETAL
Features
MAJORITY
of the human body
BIGGEST ONES
VOLUNTARY MUSCLE
Consciously controlled to move bones
Muscles attached to bones by tendons
When tightened / contracted
Movement
TENDONS
Tough bands of
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connect muscles to bones
STRIPED / STRIATED
Fibers
Fused into muscle cells
SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Features
Most
SKELETAL
muscles arranged in
OPPOSING / ANTAGONISTIC
pairs
Muscle fibers
Smaller units
MYOFIBRILS
Even smaller units
MYOSIN / ACTIN
Protein filaments
Myofibrils arranged in
SARCOMERES
(sections)
Functional unit of a muscle / part of the muscle that contracts
SLIDING FILAMENT GLIDING
Once a nerve signal reaches a muscle
Actin filaments slide toward one another
Muscle contracts
Myosin filaments do not move
MANY SKELETAL MUSCLE INVOLVED IN A SIMPLE MOTION
Calcium released into to myofibrils
Actin filamengs puled toward the center of the sacromere
ATP necessary for muscle contraction
Muscle realxes, filaments return into their original positions
ENERGY FOR MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Respiration
Provides
ATP
for energy
Muscle cells metabolize
Anaerobically
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION
for energy
Stimulates rapid breathing
After resting
Adequate amounts of oxygen are restored
Lactic acid is broken down
Aerobically
Occurfs in the cells
When sufficent oxygen is available
SKELETAL MUSCLE STRENGTH
FAST - TWITCH
Features
Fibers fatigue easily
Great strenght for rapid / shorth movements
LACK MYOGLOBIN
Light appearance
Fewer mithocondria
Really on anaerobic metabolism
Build up of lactic acid
SLOW - TWITCH
Features
Contract slowly
Mor endurance
Contain
MITOCHONDRIA
needed fro cellular respiration
MYOGLOBIN
Respiratory molecule that stores oxygen
Oxygen reserve
Dark appearance
MUSCLE
Group of fibers or muscle cells that are bound together
Created by: Aireli Luna García // A01368786
