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Governance (Smaller States (-ves (Examples of Jharkhand and Chattisgarh -…
Governance
Smaller States
+ves
Marginal sections can articulate their voices
Greater awareness about local needs
Better representation of people- more a/c of representatives
Step towards decentralisation
-ves
Examples of Jharkhand and Chattisgarh - poor HDI
Financial dependence on centre
Reduction in power if states in federal setup
Possibility of sub-nationalism sentiments- threat to unity of India
Political instability- more defections
Increased admn costs
Way forward
Second state reorganisation commission may be constituted
Federalism a celebration of diversity
Cautions
Direct democracy
Ex. Switzerland
General
Where citizens can propose, decide and change legislation, remove and choose public officials
Devices
Referendum
direct voting by people on a legislation
Recall
Removal of representative by voters in midterm
Greater a/c vs political instability
Corruption/criminalization reduction vs more expenditure and populist pressure
Plebiscite
Opinion of people on issue of public importance ex. territorial disputes
Initiative
Bill proposal by people
RTI
2nd ARC recommendations
Repeal OSA
and include anti-espionage provisions in NSA
Cabinet minister on selection panel replaced by
CJI
50% Commissioners from
outside bureaucracy
Public records office
at central and state level
Single window system
at district level for all application
Replace oath of secrecy of ministers by oath of transparency