Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

American revolution (CHECKLIST (EVENTS Boston Massacre Boston Tea…

- - - - ALBANY PLAN
        1754
        
        Proposed unification of colonies
    - - WAR DEBT
        
        General Braddock "The necessity of laying a tax upon all his Majesty's dominions in America... for reimbursing the great sums that must be advanced for the service and interest of the colonies"
        
        SALUTARY NEGLECT
        Britian ignored trade laws in the colonies for the sake of a better relationship with the colonies because the colonies provided Britian with raw materials. Also. Britian was just busy with other concerns.
        ”the colonies were able to avoid most of the trade laws and smuggling was a fact of colonial economic life” - Alan Farmer
        because of of this... “few colonists, therefore, gave much thought to their relationship with Britian” - Alan Famer
        
        MERCANTILISM
        
        Attempt to maintain a favourable balance of trade
        
        export more than import
        
        increase gold/silver treasury
        
        colonies purpose is to supply raw materials and be a market for exports
        
        TAXES
        
        NEW TAXES
        
        SUGAR ACT OF 1764
        
        tax on imports form the Caribbean dropped from 6 cents per gallon down to 3 cents
        
        Significance is that they actually enforced this act
        
        STAMP ACT OF 1764
        
        all paper had to have a stamp
        
        Led to to the stamp act congress
        
        Colonies jointly decided to boycott British goods
        
        Was the first united action taken by colonists
        
        Committees of correspondence, who earlier encouraged opposition to earlier acts, helped coordinate boycott efforts and made people aware of their liberties. They also spurred street violence that ere led by the sons of liberty. It all worked. The stamp act was repelled 🤡what time. Declaratory acts were passed as a result
        
        5 more items...
        
        TOWNSHEND ACTS
        
        taxes
        
        this guy called Townshend thought colonist would be more ready to accept tax on imports rather than their own goods for things such as lead, glass, paint, tea and paper
        
        created a new board of customs 👺 to stop smuggling
        
        People hated it, responded with another boycott Daughters of liberty homespun clothes to replace British clothes
        
        Boston massacre March 5th 1770. 8 British soldier shot at a group of protesting colonists killing 5
        
        Protest worked. The only tax left was tax on tea
        
        MOLLASSES ACT OF 1733
        
        colonies couldn’t trade to the French West Indies, there was a tax
        
        French West Indies had the cheapest molasses
        
        WOOL ACT OF 1699
        colonies required to export wool only to England and not to other colonies
        
        COLONIAL RESPONSE
        
        TAXATION WIHTOUT REPRESENTATION
        "Taxation without representation is tyranny" - James Otis
        "No parts of his majersty's dominion scan be taxed without consent" - James Otis
        
        VIRGINIA RESOLVES
        31st may 1765
        the House of Burgesses approved the Virginia Resolves.
        
        1 more item...
        
        "Mobs attacker many tax collectors and their homes" (Dale Anderson)
        
        “Prosecuting a major war a cross an ocean had produced enormous debt, so that neither King George III nor Parliament was willing to continue the practice of salutary neglect towards the colonies, the government wanted to defray the cost of the defence” - Alan Axelrod
      - “On the British side, the military contribution to the French and Indian War created a greatly increased feeling of possessiveness toward the colonies” - Alan Axelrod*
    - - PROCLAMATION ACT OF 1763
        
        issued by King George the III
        
        Purpose
        
        Prevent conflict of native Americans
        
        French and Indian War
        So that Money doesnt have to invested into more conflicts.
        ”It is just and reasonable and essential to the security of our colonies that the several nations or tribes of Indians with whom we are connected, and who live under our protection should not be molested or disturbed” - Alan Axelrod
        
        Colonist
        
        Just wanted to settle into new land after all this conflict
        
        So they did
        
        "The proclamation of 1763 prohibited settlement of Indian territory west of the Alleghenies, but almost no one took it seriously." - Ethan M. Fishman
        
        ”... after the proclamation of 1763, they (the colonists) began to think of themselvesas victims of tyranny” - Alan Axelrod
        
        King George III
  - - - Governers
        
        Most appointed by British King
        
        can be removed at any time
      - Pretty Independent
        “Governors who challenged the assembly too strongly or too often usually found a sudden, unaccountable budget crisis delaying … their allowances, while those that bent to assembly wishes could expect bonuses in the form of cash or grants of land… While the governors learned that their great powers were not so great after all, the assemblies in every colony were making an opposite discovery: they could broaden their powers far beyond the king’s intent. They fought for and won more freedom from the governor’s supervision and influence, gaining the right to elect their own speaker of the assembly, make their own procedural rules, settle contested elections…”
        Carol Berkin, historian
        
        Communication
        ”With travel and communications both risky and cumbersome, government was difficult” - Alan Axelrod
        
        Distance: 4,800 km
        
        took 2-3 months to travel
        
        Board of Trade
        with whom most ”colonial supervision rested with” - Alan Farmer
        
        advised colonial appointments
        
        drew up government instructions
        
        reviewed colonial legislation
        
        Imperial Administration
        
        The Treasury
        
        The War Office
        
        The Admirality
        
        Colonies employed agents in Britian to keep an eye out for what the Crown or Parliament are up to
        
        Distance: 4,800 km
      - Colonial Assemblies (colonial legislature)
        
        2 houses
        
        Upper House
        
        aka councils
        
        appointed by governer
        
        came from colonial elite
        
        served as advisory board
        
        Lower House
        
        elected
        
        governors had control to rid of him
        
        represented colonies in a way Governers and councils did not
        responsibilities
        
        initiating money bills
        
        controlling expenditure
      - Local Government
        
        all freeholders has voting rights (land owners)