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Evidence (Witness (Competency = personal knowledge and speak truthfully…

- - - - opinion is supported by a proper factual basis
      - subject matter is appropriate
    - - helpful for a clear understanding of a fact at issue
      - not based on scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge
      - based on the witness's perception
  - - - crimes involving dishonesty = court has no discretion, must exlcude
      - felonies not involving dishonesty = court has discretion
- - - - made, signed, or adopted by relevant person
      - photographs
    - - Newspapers and periodicals w/ reasonably wide circulation
      - Sealed Documents govt. certified
      - Achknowledged documents signed before notary
      - Certified public documents
      - Label, tag, or trademark in reg course of business
      - Official Publications by public author
      - Instruments -- negotiable & commercial paper
- - - - Statement against Interest
      - Dying Declaration
      - Former Testimony
      - Statements of personal or family history
      - Statements offered against party procuring declarant's unavailability
    - - Business Records
      - Public Records
      - Present Sense Impression
      - Past Recollection Recorded
      - Excited Utterance
      - Present state of mind of physical condition
- - - - similar accident
      - injuries cause by the same event
      - causation
      - similar acts to prove intent, habit, or custom
    - - liability insurance
        
        may be admissible to prove ownership or control
        
        not admissible to show negligence or inability to pay
      - subsequent remedial measures
        
        may be admissible to prove ownership, control, destruction of evidence
        
        not admissible for negligence
      - settlement offers & guilty pleas
        
        may be admissible for other purposes