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Cardiovascular system, Julie Abundis (blood flow (sources of resistance…
Cardiovascular system, Julie Abundis
major functions
transport
deliver oxygen and nutrients to body
metabolic waste to lungs and hormones
regulation
body temp
ph buffers
protection
blood loss
infection
layers of heart
enclosed in sac called pericardium
superficial part of sac is called fibrous pericardium
parietal layer lines fibrous pericardium
visceral layer
pericardial cavity
attaches to arteries
deeper part of sac is serous pericardium
protects heart
anchors surrounding structure
prevents overflowing of blood
epicardium
infiltrated with fat
myocardium
endocardium
blood flow
arteries carry blood away from heart
veins carry blood to heart
sources of resistance
blood viscosity
thickness of blood
total blood vessel length
longer diameter equals greater resistance
plasma proteins
systolic pressure
exerted in aorta during contraction
diastolic pressure
decreased level of aorta pressure when at rest
pulse pressure
difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
mean arterial pressure (MAP)
propels blood to tissues
major arteries
elastic
conduct blood from heart
muscular
deliver blood to organs
active in vasoconstruction
arterioles
smallest arteries
control flow into capillary beds
blood vessel
blood vessel walls
tunica intima
intimate contact with blood
tunica media
sympathetic vasomotor nerve fibers
tunica externa
lymphatic vessels
disorders
hypertension
prehypertension
hypotension
pericarditis
inflammation of pericardium
myocardial infarction
heart attack
anginapectoris
deficiency in delivery to myocardium
control of blood flow
extrinsic control
act on arteridar smooth muscle to reduce blood flow
intrinsic control
autoregulation control of blood flow
heart
coronary sulcus
encircles junction of atria
interventricular sulcus
atria
receiving chamber
right atrium
atrioventricular valves
tricupid valve
3 cups
mitral valve
bicuspid valve
semilunar valves
guards bases of large arteries
left atrium