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Cardiovascular System (Anatomy of the Heart (superior vena cava, inferior…
Cardiovascular System
Anatomy of the Heart
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve
pulmonary trunk
pulmonary arteries
pulmonary veins
left atrium
mitral valve
left ventricle
apex
base of heart
aorta
interatrial septum
interventricular septum
chordae tendineae
papillary muscles
myocardium
Major Arteries and Veins of the Body
descending aorta
femoral artery
Subclavian Artery
coronary arteries
Right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and right ventricle with blood
Left main coronary artery branches into the circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery
Brachiocephalic Artery
inferior vena cava
Left Common Artery
pulmonary artery
Aorta
Large artery that carries blood from of the left ventricle to the arteries of the body
superior vena cava
return deoxygenated blood from circulation in the body and empty it into the right atrium
pulmonary vein
disorders of the
cardiovascular system.
Cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmia
Coronary Artery Disease
Heart Attack
Congestive heart failure
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
1st Systole Period
the right ventricle is filled with blood passed on from the right atrium. The ventricles receive impulses from fiber branches
2nd Diastole Period
semilunar valves close and the atrioventricular valves open. Oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins fills the left atrium
1st Diastole Period
atria and ventricles are relaxed and the atrioventricular valves are open. Oxygen-depleted blood returning to the heart from the body passes through the superior and inferior vena cavae and flows to the right atrium
2nd Systole Period
the atrioventricular valves close and the semilunar valves open. The ventricles receive impulses and contract. Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle is pumped to the aorta and the aortic valve prevents the oxygenated blood from flowing back into the left ventricle
Layers of the Heart
Myocardium
Muscular middle layer
Epicardium
outer protective layer
Endocardium
inner layer
structural and
functional differences between blood vessel types
walls of veins thinner than those of arteries
veins can hold more blood
Veins have valves present inside them to prevent the back flow of the bloods
Major Functions of the Cardiovascular System
removal of metabolic wastes
Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body