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Cardiovascular System (Blood Flow (vena cava (superior and inferior),…

- - - - receiving chamber
    - - receives blood from lung
    - - receive blood from the rest of the body
    - - discharging chambers
    - - discharges blood to lungs
    - - discharges blood to the rest of body
    - - wall separating the 2 ventricles
  - - - between atria and ventricles
    - - left
    - - right
    - - between ventricle and artery
    - - between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
    - - between left ventricle and aorta
- - - - double serous membrane (produces serous fluid)
    - - (epicardium) next to the heart
    - - outside layer
    - - created by 2 layers of pericardium: filled with fluid
  - - - outer connective tissue layer
    - - middle, thick muscle layer
    - - (endothelium) inner lining
- - - - endothelium (inner lining of blood vessels)
    - - middle, smooth muscle layer; controls( sympathetic nervous system) diameter of blood vessel
    - - outermost, fibrous connective tissue
  - - - thickest layer (large tunica media) small lumen (space the inside blood vessel)
      - carry high pressure blood
      - blood moved by pumping action of the heart
    - - thinner tunica media; large lumen
      - carry low pressure blood
      - blood moved "milking" action of muscles to help move blood
      - contain many minivalves to prevent backflow
      - capillary beds (interweaving network of capillaries) consist of 2 types of vessels
      - vascular shunt: directly connects an arteriole to a venule
      - true capillaries: gas exchange by diffusion (high to low concentration)