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Life science: Genes and Molecular Machines (Types of Cells (Eukaryotic…
Life science: Genes and Molecular Machines
Types of Cells
Eukaryotic cells: 1. These cells have closed membranes and nucleus containing DNA. 2. These cells are much more built bigger and complex than prokaryotic cells. 3. For example, humans and dogs are eukaryotic, because they have these cells to build up there body.
Prokaryotic cells : 1. These cells do not have closed membranes. They do not have a nucleus to hold their DNA. 2. Single celled organisms such as the unicellular organisms we observed in class, are prokaryotic. 3. Bactira is an example of these cells.
Cell Division
Mitosis: 1. Mitosis is were a cell goes through multiple stages to make one cell into two cells.
The stages that mitosis goes through is interphase, phrophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase to make two daughter cells.
The cells starts with 46 chromosomes and duplicates so that the two cells at the end can have 46 chromosomes too.
Mieosis: 1. Goes through multiple stages just like mitosis and then the two cells from that stage goes through those stages again however it does not duplicate the chromosomes again.
Meiosis ends in 4 cells with 23 chromosomes each.
Meiosis is used in sexual reproduction.
Heredity:
Phenotype: 1. A Phenotype are the physical and shown traits of an organism.
A phenotype is as simple as blue eyes from an oganisms parent.
A plant even has a phenotype and it can as simple as a purple or green stem for a wisconsin fast plant.
Genotype: 1. A Genotype is an organism's genetic makeup.
A genotype can be determined in a punnett square.
A genotype can be homozygous or heterozygous. As well as dominant or recessive.
Flowering plant and seeds
Seeds can be dispersed in many ways. For example, the seeds can be dispersed by animals, wind, water, or mechanical propulsion.
Plants can reproduce in many ways. First the plant needs pollenated, either cross pollination or self pollination. The pollen from the anther needs to get to the stigma. Then the plant is pollinated and the plant produces seeds which are dispersed by water, wind, animal, or mechanical propulsion, so the flower can then grow.