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Life Science: Genes & Molecular Machines (Type of Cells (Eukaryotic…

- - - - Eukarya is the domain that Eukaryotes belong to.
      - Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles,a nucleus(contains DNA), larger body, and can be unicellular or multicellular. An example of a eukaryote is a human.
  - - - Bacteria and Archaea are the two domains that consist of prokaryotes.
      - Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus (floating DNA), no membrane bound organelles, and are only unicellular. Bacteria is an example of prokaryotes.
- - - - Scientists use the genotypes they get from a Punnett Square to figure out the possibilities of certain traits.
      - Examples of phenotypes include: eye color, skin color, height, hair color and much more.
  - - - Scientists usually use a Punnett Square to try and figure out what genotype the offspring may have from the parent's genotypes.
      - Genotypes are the letter combination. So say you have two parents with the genotype of Rr, the offspring will have 75% chance of the dominant trait and a 25% chance of a recessive trait.
- - - - The phases of mitosis includes: Interphase (enlarging), Prophase (duplicating), (the nuclear membrane disappears between Prophase and Metaphase), Metaphase (line up), Anaphase (split), Telophase (pinches into two), and Cytokinesis (splits into two identical cells).
      - Mitosis allows multicellular organisms to grow and heal. Mitosis allows unicellular organisms to reproduce.
  - - - The phases of meiosis includes: Interphase (enlarging), Prophase (duplicating), (the nuclear membrane disappears between Prophase and Metaphase), Metaphase (line up), Anaphase (split), Telophase (pinches into two), Cytokinesis (splits into two identical cells), Interphase II (enlarges), Prophase II (chromosomes do not double this time),(the nuclear membrane disappears between Prophase II and Metaphase II), Metaphase II (chromosomes line up), Anaphase II (split), Telophase II (pinches into two), and Cytokinesis II (four different daughter cells).
      - Meiosis allows multicellular organisms reproduce sexullay. The female sex cells gets fertilized by a male sex cell and the two cells combine to make a cell with 36 chromosomes and the offspring is created.