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Genes and Molecular Machines (Cell Division (Meiosis (Meiosis goes through…
Genes and Molecular Machines
Cell Division
Meiosis
Meiosis goes through every stage just like Mitosis, except it goes through it twice
Anaphase:The anaphase is when homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell
Telophase: The telophase is where chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells. The cytoplasm divides
Mitosis
Interphase:The interphase is the first stage of Meiosis where the nucleus expands.
Prophase:The prophase is where the chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Crossing-over occurs
Metaphase:The metaphase is when pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures.
Prokaryotes are microscopic organisms belonging to the domains Bacteria and Archaea, which are two out of the three major domains of life.
Prokaryotic cells go through asexual reproduction
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike prokaryotes.
Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane.
Us humans are Eukaryotic
Heredity
Genotype
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations
The genotype determines the hereditary potentials and limitations of an individual from embryonic formation through adulthood.
Among organisms that reproduce sexually, an individual's genotype comprises the entire complex of genes inherited from both parents.
Phenotype
An organisms physical appearance, or visible traits
Phenotypes are determined mainly by genes and are influenced by environmental factors.
The genotype is the set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait.