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Life Science: Genes and Molecular Machines (Heredity (Phenotype…
Life Science: Genes and Molecular Machines
Heredity
Phenotype
Observable characteristics that are determined by the genes.
The dominant cells are what's shown.
The physical makeup of the organism.
Genotype
The genotype determines the hereditary potentials and limitations of an individual from embryonic formation through adulthood.
Genotype is determined by the allele.
The genetic construction of an organism.
Types of Cells
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic organisms are multicellular
The membrane bound organisms are well protected by the membranes.
Have a nucleus, and a cell membrane
Prokaryotic Cells
Does not have membrane bound organelles.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Have cell walls, but do not have a cell membrane
Cell Division
Mitosis
Two daughter cells have the exact same amount of chromosomes.
Used for the regeneration of the human body.
Consists of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
Meiosis
Four daughter cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent.
Cell division that results in four daughter cells
Used in the production of Gametes (sex cells)
Flowering Plants and Seeds
Pollination
Pollination is usually accidental, and doesn't purposely happen, it usually occurs when an organism is looking for food.
Certain animals are pollinators, for example the black and white ruffed lemur will get pollen on its fingers searching for food, and move to another plant and pollinate it.
Seed Dispersal
It depends on the type of seed and how much it weighs, its texture, and it's location.
Seeds can be dispersed by wind, water, organisms, or mechanical propulsion.