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Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems (External Organization of Stems…
Tissues and the Primary Growth of Stems
Basic Types of Cells and Tissues
Parenchyma
parenchyma tissue
Collenchyma
collenchyma cells
Sclerenchyma
conducting sclerenchyma
mechanical sclerenchyma
fibers
sclereids
Pit-pair
External Organization of Stems
internodes
leaf axil
axillary bud
floral bud
flower
group of flowers
vegetative bud
branch
terminal bud
bud scales
phyllotaxy
whorled
three leaves
opposite phyllotaxy
two leaves
alternate phyllotaxy
one leaf
stolons
thin
long
:red_cross:nutrients
Shoots
corms
thin, papery leaves
vertical
bulbs
short
thick, fleshy leaves
tunk
main shoot
plant :check:brighter light
rhizomes
fleshy
horizontal
underground
tubers
short growth
horizonal
stores nutrients
Internal Organization of Stems
Arrangement of Primary Tissues
epidermis
outermost surface
single layer
cutin
encrusts tangential walls
fatty substance
impermeable
cuticle
wax
:no_entry:carbon dioxide
stoma
guard cells
radial arrangement
weaker
more extensible
swell
absorb water
Stomatal pore
:check:carbon dioxide
daytime
trichomes
hairs
:no_entry:animal to walk on
:no_entry:animal to chew
:no_entry:animal to land on
shade tissues
immobile air
diffusion
Cortex
homogeneous
simple
photosynthetic parenchyma
collenchyma
Vascular Tissues
vascular tissues
phloem
sugars
minerals
sieve cells
sieve pores
sieve areas
albuminous cells
companion cells
sieve tube members
sieve plates
parenchyma cells
xylem
water
minerals
tracheids
pit membrane
vessel elements
perforation
vessel
secondary wall
annular thickenings
helical thickenings
scalariform thickening
reticulate thickening
circular bordered pits
border
Vascular Bundles
interior of cortex
pith
collateral
pholem
primary pholem
xylem
vascular bundle
primary xylem
primary plant body
Stem Growth and Differentiation
apical meristems
cytokinesis
mitosis
primary tissues
primary growth
subapical meristem
protoxylem
metaxylem
Protoderm
ground meristem
provascular tissues
