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Therapeutic communication & interviewing skills (The barriers of…
Therapeutic communication & interviewing skills
The concept of therapeutic communication
Defined as: Face-to-face process of interacting that focuses on advancing the physical and emotional wellbeing of a patient.
Establish empathy on what the patients are experiencing
Reactions may differ because patients are of different characters, backgrounds, social status, culture, etc.
Involve use of specific strategies to encourage patients to express feelings and ideas
Fulfill standards of healthcare for patients by successfully applying the communicative process
Estimate perceptions of patients including detailed actions (behaviours, messages)
Identify patients' worries and needs
Build rapport with patients
The barriers of communication
Cultural barrier
Emotional barrier
Language barrier
Individual barrier
Physical barrier
Lack of knowledge
Cognitive impairment
Lack of interest
Distraction
Disability
Poor timing
Wrong target
The techniques of therapeutic communication
How to demonstrate
1)Active listening
Using nonverbal and verbal cues such as nodding and saying “I see,” to encourage patients to continue talking
Nurses can offer general leads such as “What happened next?” to guide the conversation or propel it forward.
2) Making observations
Observing that they look tired may prompt patients to explain why they haven’t been getting much sleep lately
2) Using silence
The nurse give the client ample time to fully and openly discuss their feelings, opinions and beliefs
the nurse can take advantage of brief pauses of silence to think about and reflect on the full meaning of received message
5) Summarizing
summarizing what patients have said demonstrates to patients that the nurse was listening and allows the nurse to document conversations
Ending a summary with a phrase like “Does that sound correct?” gives patients explicit permission to make corrections if they’re necessary.
6) Reflection
when a client appears to be angry and upset, the nurse may state, "You seem a little angry today. Would you like to talk about it?".
Focusing
The client may want to chat about their extended family and their accomplishments
Focusing on the subject at hand decreases the risk of having these kinds of distractions impair the therapeutic communication process.
To focusing on the subject, the nurse may say, "Mr. Burke, your family is very interesting and successful. Thank you for sharing this information with me. Now, let's discuss your diabetes and the insulin that you will be taking after you leave the hospital"
Description
Making observation
Observations about the appearance, demeanor, or behavior of patients can help draw attention to areas that might pose a problem for them
4.Focusing
A therapeutic communication technique used by nurses, and other members of the health care team
facilitates the client's abilities to focus on and pay attention to the matters at hand, which should reflect the client's priorities
2.Silence
Deliberate silence give oppurtunity for both nurses and patients to think through and process the information during conversations
It may give them time and space they need to initiate a new topic as well
Patient is always encourage to break the silence
5.Summarizing
a highly useful therapeutic communication technique that sums up the primary and main points that were discussed
as well as the conclusion of the discussion that was mutually decided up
1Attentive, Active Listening.
Active listening involves showing interest throughout the conversation by listening and understanding what patients have to say
6.Reflection
This therapeutic communication technique reflects and mirrors what the nurse believes the client's feelings to be underneath the words.
It mirrors, or reflects, the patient's feelings, not words, back to the client so that the client's feelings can be further explored and expressed by the patient.
The types of communication
written
email
books and magazines
verbal
face to face
telephone
visualization
maps
graphs and charts
non verbal
body language
gestures
