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JIGSAW GROUP: LABAREE (Three Goals of Education (Social Efficiency…
JIGSAW GROUP: LABAREE
Three Goals of Education
Democratic Equality
"The democratic equality approach to schooling, one argues that a democratic society cannot persist unless it prepares all of it young with equal care to take on the full responsibilities of citizenship in a competent manner." (Labaree,1997, p.42)
- Most political of the major purposes includes: pursuit of citizenship training, equal treatment, and equal access.
- "Citizenship training has continued to play a significant role in the ideology and practice of American education in both rhetoric and practice. No pronouncement about education or call for educational reform has been complete without a prominent reference to the critical consequences of schooling for the preservation of democracy." (Labaree, 1997, p. 44)
- "A second political goal for schools has been the pursuit of equal treatment, which originated in the same concern for preserving the republic that motivated the push for citizenship training. Fearful of the social differences and class conflict that arose from the growth of capitalism and immigration, the founders of the common school argued that this institution could help provide citizens of the republic with a common culture and a sense of shared membership in the community." (Labaree, 1997, p.45)
- "In addition to citizenship training and equal treatment, the goal of democratic equality has taken a third form, and that is the pursuit of equal access. It is in this form that the goal has perhaps exerted its most powerful impact on the development of American schools. Equal access has come to mean that every American should have an equal opportunity to acquire an education at any educational level. Initially, this led to the effort that occupied school reformers for the most of the 19th century, trying to provide enough schools so that every child could have a seat in an elementary classroom at public expense." (Labaree, 1997, p.46)
Social Efficiency
- "The social efficiency approach to schooling argues that our economic well-being depends on our ability to prepare the young to carry out useful economic roles with competence. The idea is that we all benefit from a healthy economy and from the contribution to such an economy made by the productivity of our fellow worker." (Labaree, 1997, p.42)
- I never thought about how different types of schools get less or more vocationalism. City and inner city schools get more vocationalism or none at all. If they give them the option it is because the society believes that many students will not be going to future educations and these programs give them certification and some knowledge about the specific workforce they chose. I think that all schools should have the option to take classes like these to help students learn about their future and figure out what they want to do with their lives after high school, if they graduate.
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- "One thing to keep in mind, however, is that, although social efficiency promotes the sorting of students and although this sorting often leads to the limitation of opportunities for these students, at the same time this goal provides strong support for the social value of student learning at all levels of the system. From the social efficiency perspective, society counts on schools must assure that everyone engages in serious learning-whether they are in college or kindergarten, suburb or inner city, top track or bottom track. In this sense then, social efficiency treats education as a public good, whose collective benefits can only be realized if instruction is effective and learning is universal." (Labaree, 1997, p. 50)
- I feel dissatisfied with this idea because there are people in our society that actually think that we all get the same education and support. This is SO not true. There is rarely ever the same schools out there. Some may be similar but many are VERY different. It is very rare to find a school that gives a GREAT education and teachers actually support their students. Learning should be universal but it is not. From kindergarten to college we all have different educations ranging from small to large differences.
Social Mobility
"The social mobility approach to schooling argues that education is a commodity, the only purpose of which is to provide individual students with a competitive advantage in the struggle for desirable social positions. The aim is to get more of this valuable commodity than one's competitors, which puts a premium on a form of education that is highly stratified and unequally distributed." (Labaree, 1997, p.42)
- "Whereas social efficiency argues that schools should adapt students to the existing socioeconomic structure, the social mobility goal asserts that schools should provide students with the educational credentials they need in order to get ahead in this structure (or to maintain their current position). Both schools adapt themselves to the demands of such a society. Where they differ is in the vantage point they assume in looking at the role of schooling in a market society. The efficiency goal focuses on the needs of the social system as a whole (adopting the perspective of the provider of educational services-the state, the policymakers who lead it, and the taxpayers who support it- and of the employer who will put the graduate to work), but the mobility goal focuses on the needs of individual educational consumers." (Labaree, 1997, p.50)
- "The benefits of education are understood to be selective and differential rather than collective and equal. The aim of pursuing education is for the individual student to accumulate forms of educational property that will allow that student to gain an advantage in the competition for social position." (Labaree, 1997, p. 51)
- "This is why the value of a house in any community depends in part on the marketability of the local school system and why wealthy suburban communities aggressively defend the high status of their school systems by resisting any efforts to reduce the striking differences between systems-such as efforts to redistribute tax revenues in order to equalize per capita school spending or to bus students across district boundaries in order to reduce class and race discrepancies between schools." (Labaree, 1997, p.53)
- This is something that I believe is true and does actually happen in our society. It sucks to think that as parents you pick and chose where you live based on "school systems," "environment," "population and diversity," etc. Society does everyone dirty based on living situations to make as much money as possible and to keep certain people out.
- I just don't understand why they cannot be equal. All people should get the same education as everyone else. We all should be learning the same ideas/lessons and getting the same support and should not be based on the social structure.
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