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5-1 How Atoms Form Compounds (Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds (Ionic…
5-1 How Atoms Form Compounds
What is a compound?
Chemical Formulas for Compounds
Compound is a pure substance created with 2 or more elements
Chemical formula is a list of elements in a compound
Describing Compounds
Molecules are neural particles created when two or more atoms share electrons
Formulas and Law of Definite Proportions
Law of Definite Proportions states that only the right combination of elements will get that particular compound and or substance
Water will always be H⌄2O. Other elements cannot make water
Contains subscripts and atomic symbols to show elements and number of atoms each element has to make the compound
Compounds and Their Elements
Most Compounds do not have the same type of substances like the separate types of atoms in them.
Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
Ionic Bonds - Transferring Electrons
Chemical bond is the force that hold atoms together on a compound
An ionic bond is an electrical attraction between positively and negatively charged ions in an ionic compound
Ionic Compounds
Positive Ion
You can tell if it is going to be positive after it transfers electrons if it is in a group that has "extra electrons" that take up the outer shell's minority when it comes to space
Negative Ion
You can tell if it is going to be negative after it transfers electrons if it is in a group that has "the need for electrons" to fill up the outer shell
Binary compounds are compounds with only two elements.
Other Binary Compounds
Different groups on the periodic table Like group 1 and 17 go together to make Ionic compounds since some need to get rid of or gain electrons
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Most Ionic compounds dissolve in water, and some of them are brittle and solid at room temperature
Diagramming Electrons - Lewis Dot Diagrams
Valence electrons are electrons on the outmost shell.
Steps to diagram elements on Lewis Dot Structure
Write out the element's atomic symbol
Draw the number of valence electrons around the symbol
If it has more than four valence electrons, draw them around the atomic sybol as pairs
Ions and Noble Gases
Noble Gas Structure By Gaining Electrons
Some atoms become stable by gaining electrons
Noble Gas structure losing Electrons
Some atoms become stable by losing its valence electrons
Covalent Bonds - Sharing Electrons
Covalent Compounds
Covalent Bonds are when two atoms decide to share electrons instead of transferring them
Properties of Covalent Compounds
They can almost be any form of matter at room temperature
Single Covalent Bonds
When an element has an unpaired electron and or has an incomplete shell, it pairs electrons and shares them to become balanced
Double and Triple Bonds
The more electrons that need to be shared electrons pair up more.
