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Car Safety (Seat-belts (Restrain person from colliding with dashboard or…
Car Safety
Seat-belts
Restrain person from colliding with dashboard or other part of the car if the car crashes or stops suddenly
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The wearer is also stopped in a longer time frame, which means that the force on the pseron is less
Also reduce the deceleration of the person - using F = ma as mass is constant this reduces the force
As in a crash all the kinetic energy is lost, without a seatbelt the kinetic energy of the person will be dissipated over much shorter distance and time period which greatly increases the force
Vehicle bumpers
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This reduces impact force as it is spread out over a longer time period with same change in momentum
However for high speed collisions the force will be to great and the bumper/vehicle chassis will most likely become damaged
Crumple Zones
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As the engine compartment crumples the impact time is increased and impact force is reduced, as same change in momentum as momentum is always conserved but greater time period
Absorb energy during the crash to stop it being transferred to people within car, and also prevents direct deformation within the passenger cabin
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Airbags
Reduces the force on person as the airbag acts like a cushion by increasing the impact time so reducing the force
Also, a greater contact area spreads the force out as surface area of airbag much greater than seatbelt - this reduces pressure on person