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LABAREE, Part II (CONCLUSIONS (CONTRADICTION, CREDENTIALISM, POSSIBILITY),…

- - - - 1--Demand schooling as a GRADED HIERARCHY--students must climb upward, facing an increasing risk of elimination (pyramid)
        
        "the chance to gain advantage is the system's most salient feature" (p. 52)
      - 2--Demand schooling that offers QUALITATIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INSTITUTIONS AT EACH LEVEL--reputational differences and high tuition are attractive, but opposed to redistribute tax revenues or bus students across boundaries (p. 52)
      - 3--Demand a STRATIFIED STRUCTURE OF OPPORTUNITIES WITHIN EACH INSTITUTION--offering each child the chance to become clearly distinguished from his/her fellow students (p. 53)
        
        Reading Groups
        Pull-Out Programs
        Tracks
        Letter Grades
        Standardized Testing
        Differentiated Diplomas
      - "social mobility ... often puts groups in conflict with each other" (p. 54)
      - "what matters most is not the knowledge they learn in school but the credentials they acquire there" (pp. 55-56)