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Structure of the Nervous System (NERVE IMPULSE (SYNAPSE (Vesicles (small…
Structure of the Nervous System
NEURONS
Specialized cells that help gather information about the environment / interpret the information / react to it
MAIN REGIONS
DENDRITES
Recieve impulses (signals) from other neurons
Conduct the impulses to the cell body.
CELL BODY
Nucleus of the neuron
Many cells organelles
AXON
Carries the nerve impulse from the cell body
To other neurons / muscles
KINDS
SENSORY
Send impulses from receptors
Sense organs to the brain and spinal cord
They signal interneurons
Found in the spinal cord / brain
SIGNAL INTERNEURONS
Carry the impulse to motor neurons
MOTOR
Carry impulses away from the brain / spinal cord
To a gland / muscle
REFLEX ARC
Nerve pathway
Consists of a sensory neuron / interneron / motor neuron
Basic strcuture of the nervous system
NERVE IMPULSE
Electrical charge traveling the length of a neuron
Results from an stimulus
A NEURON AT REST
Not conducting an impulse
Ions tend to diffuse across the plasma membrane
From an area of high concentration of ions to an area of low concentration of ions
Positive charge outside the neuron / negative charge cytoplasm inside the neuron
AN ACTION POTENTIAL
Nerve impulse
Threshold
Minimum stimulus to cause an action potential to be produced
"All or nothing"
Strong / not strong enough to travel along
SPEED OF AN ACTION POTENTIAL
It varies
MYELIN
Covering of a lipid on axons
Sheath (insulating layer) arround the axon
NODES
gaps in the myelin
Neurons that have them
Impulses with sharp pain
Neurons without them
Impulses with dulls / throbbing pain
SYNAPSE
Small gap betweem the axon of one neuron / dendrite of another neuron
Action potential reaches the end of an axon
Vesicles (small sacs)
Carrying neurotransmitters duse with the plasma membrane
Release a neurotransmitter by
EXOCYTOSIS
When a motor neuron synapses with a muscle cell
The realeases nerotransmitter crosses the synapse and causes a muscle to contract
NEUROTRANSMITTER
Chemical that difuses across a synapse / binds to receptors on the dendrite of a neighboring neuron
Created by: Aireli Luna García // A01368786
