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Roots (Concept (have three functions (absorbing water, anchoring the plant…
Roots
Concept
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without proper root attachment, trees and shrubs could not remain upright, and epiphytes would be blown away
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has absorption factors like the leaf, but two different functions. the roots collect the water and minerals
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roots do not need to adapt for light, but to absorb and conserve water
Even a light porus soil can be most easily and thoroughly penetrated by narrow cylinders rather than thin sheets
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selective advantage for a plant to control the size of its shoot,so that transpiration by its leaves do not exceed absorption by its roots
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taproots pic
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as roots of willows, sorrels and other plants spread horizontally, they produce shoot buds that grow out and act as a new plant
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Zone of elongation pic
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center is vascular tissues, become xylem and phloem
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between the provascular tissues and the protoderm is a ground tissue, a rather uniform parenchyma that differentiates into root cortex
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Root caps pic
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Simultaneously, cells on the edges of this group grow toward the side and proliferate
cells appear to extend around the sides of the root, the root is actually growing through the edges of the root cap
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storage root
storage roots pic
roots frequently provide long-term storage for carbohydrates that accumulate during the summer photosynthesis
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Carbohydrates stored in the root are used to produce a new shoot in the spring, when photosynthesis is impossible owing to the lack of leaves
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perennial plants with permanent shoots that do not die back also store significant amounts of nutrients within themselves during winter
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Root apical meristem pic
is examined in relationship to the root tissues it produces,
regular files of cells can be seen to originate in the meristem and extend in to the regions of the mature root tissues
the root is more orderly than the shoot because it experiences no disruptions because of leaf primordia, leaf traces or axillary buds
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Prop roots pic
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Prop roots
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pic 
if a root undergoes secondary growth and becomes woody, they can be extremely strong supports
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Buttress roots
roots on certain tropical trees become tall, plate like, their upper side grows more rapidly than other parts of the roots
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pic
Mycorrhizae
pic
roots of most species of seed plants have a symbiotic relationship with soil fungi in which both organisms benefit
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Contractile Roots
After extending through the soil and becoming firmly anchored, the uppermost portions slowly contract.
because the root is firmly fixed in the soil, the stem is pulled downward so that the base of the shoot is either kept at soil level or, in the case of bulbs
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