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Animal studies (EVALUATION (Practical value- Helped social workers…
Animal studies
EVALUATION
Practical value- Helped social workers understand risk factors in child neglect and abuse and could therefore intervene, and also on captive breeding programme within zoos for the monkeys.
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LORENZ
IMPRINTING
Procedure- Divided a clutch of goose eggs. Half hatched with mother in natural environment, other half hatched in incubator with Lorenz being first animate object they saw.
Findings- Incubator group followed Lorenz, other followed the mother. Shows that birds followed the first animate object they saw no matter what species. Identified a critical period in which this must happen, can be as low as a few hours after birth.
SEXUAL IMPRINTING
Investigated effect of imprinting on adult mating preferences. Found birds in his half would often display courtship towards humans, and completed a case study on a peacock. Found when it viewed tortoises as its first animate figure, it would only display courtship to these tortoises.
EVALUATION
Generalisable to humans?- Vast differences between humans and birds in how we form attachment to parental figures.
Questionable observations- Guiton imprinted a yellow washing up glove on chickens, found they went on to attempt to mate with them but were able to move on to other chickens- may not be a permanent impact.
HARLOW
CONTACT COMFORT
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Maternally deprived monkeys as adults- Followed monkeys in adulthood- found that monkeys were highly dysfunctional, more aggressive and less sociable, and bred less due to being unskilled at mating.
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