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Path - Cell Injury + Cell Death (iii) (reasons for intracellular…
Path - Cell Injury + Cell Death (iii)
reasons for intracellular accumulation of an endogenous substance
production rate > removal rate
e.g. due to fatty liver
lipofuscin = lipid-rich pigment-like waste product that deposits in ageing tissues
storage diseases (substance can't be metabolised)
cells can't degrade certain exogenous substances (e.g. tattoo ink
Pathological calcification
abnormal deposition of Ca salts (with smaller amounts of Fe, Mg + other mineral salts)
2 types
1) dystrophic
deposition in necrotic tissue (intra/extracellular), serum Ca levels normal
2) metastatic
deposition in normal tissue + hypercalcaemia
e.g. hyperparathyroidism, bone destruction, vit D overdose, renal failure, sarcoidosis (collections of inflamm cells, granulomas in ling/skin/nodes)
primarily affects vessels, kidneys, lungs + gastric mucosa
2 theories for cellular aging
1) Wear + tear
ROS accumulate - metabolic + genetic damage
2) intrinsic cellular ageing / replicative senescence
predetermined genetic programming
telomeres shorten until cell arrest