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weathering and erosion (weathering - wear away or change the appearance or…
weathering and erosion
weathering - wear away or change the appearance or texture of (something) by long exposure to the air. 
clay- sediment with particles smaller than silt, typically less than 0.00016 inch
flooding- a great flowing or overflowing of water, especially over land not usually submerged.
physical weathering - any of the various weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemical composition of the rock
groundwater - the water beneath the surface of the ground, consisting largely of surface water that has seeped down
geohazards - means the risk of damage caused by a geological process.
frost wedging - a form of physical weathering that involves the repeated freezing and thawing of water in areas with extremely cold weather.
water table - the planar, underground surface beneath which earth materials, as soil or rock, are saturated with water.
landslides- the downward falling or sliding of a mass of soil, detritus, or rock on or from a steep slope.
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soil - the portion of the earth's surface consisting of disintegrated rock and humus.
sand - the more or less fine debris of rocks, consisting of small, loose grains, often of quartz.
aquifers - any geological formation containing or conducting ground water, especially one that supplies the water for wells, springs, etc.
silt - earthy matter, fine sand, or the like carried by moving or running water and deposited as a sediment.
zone of aeration - is the area in an aquifer, below the water table, in which relatively all pores and fractures are saturated with water
river basins - any geological formation containing or conducting ground water, especially one that supplies the water for wells, springs, etc.
watersheds - the region or area drained by a river, stream, etc.; drainage area.
erosion - the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
pH scale - A measure of acidity or alkalinity of water soluble substances
surface water - water that collects on the surface of the ground.
infiltration - permeation of a liquid into something by filtration
porosity - the state or quality of being porous.
pollution - the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects.