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2.1.6 Specialisation (Erythrocytes (flexible; well developed cytoskeleton…
2.1.6 Specialisation
Erythrocytes
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small; approx. 7.5μm, approx. same diameter as blood vessels; large SA:V oxygen can diffuse out and in; biconcave disk shape
Sperm cells
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small, long, thin; streamlined shape to move easily
Palisade Cells
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contain cytoskeleton threads and motor proteins to move chloroplasts; near top when sunlight intensity is low, and further down when sunlight intensity is high
Guard cells
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light energy produces ATP with actively transports K ions from surrounding epidermal cells into guard cells; water potential is lowered
water enters guard cells via osmosis so guard cells swell; tips of guard cells are more flexible so gap between guard cells open - stoma
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Root hair cells
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when mineral ions are transported into cells, water potential is lowered, so water is transported into cells too
Neutrophils
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approx. twice the size of erythrocytes; approx. 14μm, have multilobed nucleus
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