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Weathering/Erosion (Aquifer: An area of permeable rock that usually hosts,…
Weathering/Erosion
Aquifer: An area of permeable rock that usually hosts, or can host ground water. 
Infiltration: The process of surface water seeping into the soil.
River basin: A portion of land drained by a river, more specifically drained by smaller little streams that run into a river.
Surface Water: All of the water collected on the surface (above the soil) such as rivers, lakes, ponds, and oceans.
Watershed: A smaller area of land that collects rain and snow and feeds a smaller stream than a river basin
Erosion: Materials (such as rock and soil) being moved from one destination to the other after being worn down by factors such as wind, water, gravity, and others.
Silt: Sediment (such as soil, clay, and sand) that is carried by running water.
Soil: The top layer of earths crust containing materials such as rock particles and clay.
Sand: A material made from rock and mineral particles.
Clay: A material that is made of many different particles made from organic matter. Clay can be molded when it is wet and can be hardened when it is brought to high enough temperatures.
weathering: breaking down things such as rocks, minerals, and soil due to things such as wind, water, and biological factors.
Physical Weathering: Breaking rocks down (or other things) without changing their chemical composition.
Chemical weathering: Erosion or disintegration of rocks (and other things) that change the chemical structure of something.
Acid precipitation: Any form of precipitation that has a pH of less than 5.6.
pH scale: A scale that ranges from 0 to 14 and determines how acidic or basic a substance is.
Frost wedging: When water fills the cracks in rocks and freezes, then expands. This process repeats until the cracks grow larger and sometimes break the rocks apart.
Zone of Aeration: The first soil layer where the gaps in the soil are filled with water and air.
Water table: The surface of the zone of saturation, where the water pressure is equal the atmospheric pressure.
Zone of Saturation: The second soil layer, found under the zone of aeration, and is filled with water.
Flooding: An overflow of water above the soil, on the surface of the land.
Geohazards: Developed hazards over time that could lead to damage or risk.
Landslides: A large mass or bits of earth, rock, or debris tumbling down a slope.
Tsunamis: A very large sea wave caused by disturbances such as earthquakes.
Sinkholes: An area where the rock has eroded away, causing it to collapse and form a hole under the surface.
Pollution: Making the environment (such as air and water) contaminated with harmful substances.
Porosity: Being full of tiny holes and allowing things to pass through it such as water.
Barrier islands: Islands separating the mainlands from the ocean and creating a calmer area for docks, also protecting the mainland from things like storms.
Groundwater: Water that is found in the soil and rocks underground.