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African data protection and privacy policy options (Constitutional rights,…
African data protection and privacy policy options
Constitutional rights
Privacy and data protection rights in national constitutions
Development by constitutional courts from national and international law
Adoption by national human rights bodies of
African Declaration on Internet Rights and Freedoms
Future ACHR, CoE and Venice Commission decisions
Informational privacy rights
Implementation of international conventions or models
Council of Europe Cybercrime and Convention 108+
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation-style limited "accountability" rules or "Privacy Shields"/Cross-Border Privacy Rules - problems with Japan/EU adequacy
Comprehensive national DP laws aimed at EU adequacy (Makulilo, ed., 2016)
AU cybersecurity and data protection convention
Regional Economic Community agreements
ECOWAS Supplementary Act A/SA.1/01/10
SADC Data Protection Model Law 2012
EAC Legal Framework for Cyber Laws 2008
Commonwealth model laws
Trade and justice cooperation rules
New "Abe" process at G20
EuroMed partnership
Extended "Five Eyes"
mass surveillance
(Murray and Fussey 2019), US Terrorist Identity Datamart sharing etc.
UN ICCPR, UPR, HRCmte General Comments
Asylum/criminal justice cooperation, EU primary and secondary law implications
Inter-Governmental Org policies eg Red Cross, UN HCR (Kuner; digital harm - Martin, statelessness - Taylor, WFP/Palantir, Accenture, connectivity - UNHCR)
Sectoral protection
Health
and genetics
Genetic prospecting
Pharma testing
National ID and biometrics
Humanitarian aid
Finance and fintech (inc. mobile money)
Telecoms (inc. SIM registration)
Elections and microtargeting (
ICO
2018,
Electoral Commission
2018)
Africa-relevant policy options
Data justice
(adapted from Taylor 2017)
Rights to control and benefit from exploitation of personal data eg data trusts/stewards
Right not to be discriminated against, and to challenge bias
Right to be counted and represented
Extended family, communities and peoples-focused rights;
group privacy
(Taylor, Floridi and van der Sloot, eds, 2017)
Policy priorities
Literacy, agency (levels of education, civil society (Gramsci, Zakaria) and informed consent
Humanitarian assistance and refugee identity
Innovation, appropriation, and "leap-frogging" advanced economies
Consumer protection
(Mwakatumbula et al. 2019) and
competition
Drivers: national self-determination; EU adequacy and cooperation; innovation, trust, and development; changing individual views, shaped by new tech, urbanisation, Western cultural imports, capitalism (Makulilo 2016)
Ian Brown, 12 Oct 2020
