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Crime + Deviance (Functionalist, strain + subcultural theories (…

- - - - Too much crime = destabilisation
        but crime = universal/inev
    - - 1) Boundary maintenance
        2) Adaptation + change (change starts with act of deviance
      - Other functions developed from D
        
        :silhouette:Davis: prostitution = safety valve
        
        :silhouette:Cohen: warning system (truancy)
        
        strengthen bonds
        
        Reflect wishes of pop
        
        Publicity function
    - - not positive/functional for everyone (victim)
        
        Doesn't offer any way of knowing right amount of deviance
        
        Doesn't always promote solidarity (women staying in for fear of rape)
  - - - Conformity + +
        
        innovation + -
        
        Ritualism - +
        
        Retreatism : - -
        
        Rebelion: - -
    - - Too deterministic
        
        Ignores power of ruling class
        
        explains patterns in OS
        
        Understands no consensus but still believes everyone has same goal just scaled down
  - - - C focused on deviance among wc boys - faced anomie bcus of mc denominated school system --> inability to succeed = bottom of hierarchy --> reject mainstream mc values + form delinquent subculture
        
        Subculture provides illegitimate opp structure + alt status hierarchy
    - - Offers explanation for non utilitarian crime
        
        Assumes wc boys share same mc goals + react bcus they fail ( :silhouette: Miller: have own independent culture)