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GROUP I: THE ALKALI METALS (TRENDS IN THEIR REACTIVITY (when small piece…
GROUP I: THE ALKALI METALS
silvery white
Li
Lithium
silvery white
Na
Sodium
silvery white
K
Potassium
silvery grey
Rb
Rubidium
silvery gold
Cs
Caesium
radioactive, very rare
Fr
Francium
COMPARED TO OTHER METALS
lighter - have low density
much lower melting & boiling points
much softer
much more reactive
TRENDS IN THEIR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
density increases down the group
melting point decreases down the group
softness increases down the group
boiling point decreases down the group
Reactivity increases down the group
TRENDS IN THEIR REACTIVITY
(when small piece of metal is put into water with indicator added)
Lithium
a lot of fizz around the floating metal
Sodium
it shoots around on the surface of the water
Potassium
it melts and the hydrogen bursts into flames
Rubidium
sparks fly everywhere
Caesium
a violent explosion
Each time, the reaction produces an
alkali
, so the indicator changes color.