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Internal Factors Institutional Racism (Marketisation and Segregation…
Internal Factors Institutional Racism
Critical Race Theory
Some say racism is an ingrained feature of society
Ethnic inequality is an unavoided feature in education
Education system is institunionally racist
Marketisation and Segregation
Allows negative stereotypes to influence decisions on school admissions
Selection procedures lead to ethnic segregation
Minorities fail to get into better schools due to discriminaton
Application process is hard to understand for ethnic minority parents
Favors white pupils
Minority children will end up in less popular schools
Racist bias in interviews for school places
Lack of info and application forms in minority lanuage
Ethnocentric Curriculum
Gives priority to a culture of an ethnic group
Example of institutional racism
Examples
Language, literature and music
Less wanting to teach Asian languages
A British curriculum that ignores non-European culture
History
Ignores ethnic diversity
Promotes Englandism, e.g. recreates a mythical age of empire and past glories of whites ignoring asian and black history.
Leads to underachievement, blacks may suffer from low esteem
Assessment
Rigged to show dominance of a certain culture
Access to Opportunities
Gifted and Talented Programme
Official stats show whites are likely to be seen as gifted and talented compared to Blacks
Exam and Tiers
30 schools in the aiming high initiative to raise black carribean achievement. But were seen to be entered for lower tier exams because they were in lower set.
New IQism
Gillborn says teachers and policy makers make false assumptions about pupils potential
Use IQ to put pupils into streams
They see potential as a fixed quality that can be easily measured
But potential can't be measured
Criticisms of Gillborn
Black Boys' Underachievement
Sewell rejects Gillborn's view that institutional racism is the main cause of under achievement.
He argues that it's not powerful enough to stop individual success
Model Minorities: Indian and Chinese achievement
Overachievement
If these two groups do so well, how can there be institutional racism in education?