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CH 4, Speech Acts Theory (Characteristics: Speaker and listener sharing…
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Speech Acts Theory
Characteristics: Speaker and listener sharing common feelings about people or places that are mentioned as well as common knowledge
Defintion: (Bach abd Harnish 1979) attempts to account for the different factors involved in human communication
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Non-example: Not relying on common factors between the speaker and listener. Communication between one another with no commonalities
Pragmatics
Characteristics: there is a cooperative principle that listeners and speakers follow: Truth, information, relevance, and clarity
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Example: A speaker and listener share a et of assumptions about how to carry a conversation. The speaker is communicating through Maxim of quantity--the speaker using informative language that is required for the current purposes of the exchange
Non-example: Not relying on Grice's four maxims that govern communication--the speaker speaking information that is not believed to be true. Communicating something that lacks adequate evidence.
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Blend
Defintion: The two consonant phonemes at the beginning and at the end are both pronounces and represented by separate phonemes
Characteristics: Letter blends appear in the beginning or at the end of words to create specific sounds.
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Non-example: a word containing a digraph, such as "choice" because the "ch" represents the first phoneme and is transcribed differently than a blend
Allophones:
Definition: Each phoneme in English or any other language is actually a group of sounds, called phones. The phones that make up one phoneme are called its allophones.
Characteristics: The particular allophone that a speaker produces depends on the preceding or following sound. Phones of a phoneme are written in square brackets.
Example: When English speakers say, "Keep cool," they produce two allophones of /k/, one at the beginning of each word.
Non-example: Ignoring that various sounds that are spoken in a language and focusing on the meaning differences that phonemes signal. Connecting sounds with letters and ignoring physical variations among allophones of a phoneme
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