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Bullying in Middle Childhood (Effects on Cognitive Development (Struggle…
Bullying in Middle Childhood
Effects on Cognitive Development
Struggle with hypothetical or abstract concepts
Cannot fully understand why they are being targeted
Struggle to predict future consequences
Want to do something back without realizing the negatives that may happen
Selective attention could worsen
Cannot block out the negatives (distractors)
Think about the bullying consistently
Can affect academics
Learning, studying and grades will suffer
The bully may not fully understand the consequences of their actions
Not understand the full impact they are putting on their targets
May struggle to understand others perspectives
Bully cannot see the distress they are causing their target and the target may struggle to see why people want to help
Struggle to understand logical and concrete information
A simple situation can seem difficult and not possible
Struggle to focus on various parts of a problem
A problem can become overwhelming
Effects on Physical Development
Start of puberty occurs towards the end of middle childhood
Areas of puberty may delay due to stress
Physical changes are happening
Can make a child feel self-conscious
Can cause long-term (lifelong) issues
A child cannot change any of these developments
Physical appearance: facial, weight, hair, voice, race
Growing pains
Body changes causing stress
Lower immune system can make child more prone to sickness
Broken bones, bruises, wounds, etc.
Effects on Emotional/Social Development
Struggle to control and regulate their own emotions
Could have emotional outbursts, show lack of emotion, or have inappropriate emotional response to situations
Struggle to communicate their emotions
Do not tell anyone because they are embarrassed, shy
May use physical aggression when they are angry
Due to not being able to control or regulate their emotions. From build up of emotions may use this to get out their emotions
Being labeled a bully can reinforce a permanent self-perception as a trouble maker
This can increase antisocial behaviour
Cause high levels of psychological distress
Including symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation
Verbal bullying
Hassassing, taunting, teasing
Struggle with self-esteem
No confidence in their self
Other Information
Key developmental turning points that could be at risk
Personal identify
lifelong skills
habits
values
Poor health development
Cyber bullying: lack of visual cues and not being able to see the targets reaction makes it more challenging for the bully to fully understand the negative impact they are making
Mental health issues
depression, suicidal thoughts, self-harm,
Early indicators of mental health and behavioural/learning challenges are more visible
This is a critical period for early intervention and supportive relationships
Having strong bonds and attachments are important
Having someone they can go to with their issues