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Equipment and Instrumentation (Firing Facilities (Cotton Box - A box…
Equipment and Instrumentation
Weight, Force, and Their Measurement
Trigger Pull Measurements - Different firearms have different trigger pulls which is the force needed to pull the trigger.
Standard Trigger Weights - A device used to measure small quantities of weight change
Calibration - Used to determine the difference between a known standard and the output of the device.
Digital Trigger Pull Testers - A digitized device that is used to measure small weight incraments whether by pushing or pulling
Digital Scales - These scales are more accurate, cheaper, and faster.
Measurement, Standards, and Accuracy
Standards, NIST Traceability, and LAboratory Accreditation - Any standards that used for measuring in a lab but be within the tolerances made by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Evidence is typically compared against known standards
Muzzle Velocity of Bullets - Chronographs is a device that acts like a stopwatch and used to measure the velocity of bullets when they leave the muzzle of a firearm
Dimensional Data and Measurement Tools
Digital Measuring Equipment - A micrometer is a digital measuring device used to measure larger objects with more precision
Other Equipment - Other digital measuring tools used include a caliper, steel machinist’s scale, and MP 6 optical projectors
Glass Measuring Reticules - Eye pieces used for microscopes that include a ruller.
Stereo and Comparison Microscopes
Compound Microscope - A microscope made up of two convex lenses that can enlarge or an image by changing the distance of the lenses
Comparison Microscope - A type of microscope used to compare two objects. One eyepiece splits into two stages
Small Tools and Supplies - There are many tools and supplies that are used. Some of which include PPE, jeweler’s screwdriver set, calipers, magnifying glass, etc.
Field Support Equipment - For some crimes, a firearm examiner is required for evidence collection. They ensure that firearm evidence is properlly collected and packaged
Imaging Equipment - With more technological advances, documenting is best done by capturing an image as opposed to drawing and sketching. Film imaging is used to capture images made by a microscope
Computer-Based Technologies
MatchPoint+ - The next step, after IBIS, is to look up correlations with your evidence and those in the database
BulletTRAX-3D - a computer program that is combined with a microscope which helps an examiner with their comparisons
IBIS - A program used to compare different firearm evidence and help find leads to a case
Firing Facilities
Cotton Box - A box filled with a certain type of cotton waste and used to decelerate a bullet
Water Recovery Tank - A large container filled with water in which a bullet was fired in a diagonal direction into the container
Bullet Recovery Equipment - One of the most important steps is to collect test standards for a fired bullet
Other Bullet Recovery Systems include the use of wet telephone books, oil or water-soaked sawdust, ballistic gelatin, plastic milk jugs, and blocks of ice
Indoor Ranges - typically used as a laboratory. Helps eliminate outside variables when perfoeming tests
Outdoor Ranges - Typically used when an idoor range is too short in distance for testing
Dillon, Jr. H John. “Module 07 :: Equipment and Instrumentation” Firearm Examiner Training, projects.nfstc.org/firearms/.