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Writing (Process (Pre-writing activities are important for organizing…
Writing
Process
Pre-writing activities are important for organizing thoughts and ideas for the composition. Creating mind maps, taking notes, or using a graphic organizer are great tools to help the writer plan their composition.
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Free writing - time to write about any topic of their choosing, mainly to practice the act of writing and process of transcribing thoughts to words on paper
Set goal for writing task. Student uses their understanding of the prompt to set a goal for their composition. Using their goal and their pre-writing strategy (notes, map, etc.) they refer to this throughout the writing process, including during revision to ensure adherence to their goal.
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Planning - creating outlines, mind maps, story boards, etc. to organize the composition and get thoughts out
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Genre
Explicit instruction of genre types/components. Teachers should explicitly teach, using models and scaffolded, guided practice, the components of different genres. This will ensure students have a strong understanding of the different writing types for each genre.
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Character emulation, one strategy of teaching is utilizing think aloud readings
Form and structure - teach different strategies through acronyms to help students remember necessary components for structure
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Skills
Handwriting - students who struggle with handwriting often avoid writing in general because of this.
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Explicitly teach letter formation, short practice time, students self evaluate their best expression of the letter
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Left handed writers should be encouraged to rotate their paper clockwise to avoid developing an inverted grip
Right handed writers may rotate their paper slightly counter clockwise
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Spelling
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Students who struggle with spelling may have to use too much cognitive energy to think about their spelling and may forget ideas pertaining to composition
Vocabulary
If students struggle with spelling, they are likely to rely on words they know how to spell which may result in a very limited vocabulary
Stages of spelling development - emergent, letter recognition, within word patterns, syllables and affixes, derivational relations (advanced).
Develop expectations for student progress - use spelling inventories, spell checks, and qualitative checklists to evaluate student progress based on set expectations
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Formatting and structure - sentence structure, paragraph structures (indent, new paragraph, etc.)
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