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Blood Formed Elements / Progenitor Cells (Formed elements (Leukocytes…
Blood Formed Elements / Progenitor Cells
Formed elements
Leukocytes (WBCs)
Monocytes 3-9%- In tissue they become macrophages, powerful phagocytes These are the largest type of white blood cells, and can be up to 20µm in diameter. They have abundant cytoplasm, They have a large eccentrically placed nucleus, which is kidney bean shapedand some fine pink/purple granules in cytoplasm.
100-700 cells/uL of blood
Eosinophils 2-4%- Release digestive enzymes to attack parasitic worms that are large to phagocytose. Granular. Stain to be purplish-red. 12 - 17 µm in diameter - larger than neutrophils, and about 3 times the size of a red blood cell. Have two lobes to their nucleus.
100-400 cells/uL of blood
Lymphocytes 30%- T and B cells, provide specific defense. Agranular. Can look like monocytes, except that lymphocytes do not have a kidney-bean shaped nucleus, and lymphocytes are usually smaller. They have a small spherical nucleus and has abundant dark staining condensed chromatin. Not much cytoplasm can be seen, and it is basophilic (pale blue/purple staining).
T Lymphocyte
act directly against virus-infected cells and tumor cells
appearance: T cell receptor
7-24% of WBCs
B Lymphocyte
give rise to plasma cells that make antibodies which are released to blood
appearance: receptor that connects to antigen shape
1-7% of WBCs
1500-3000 cells/uL of blood
Basophils 1%- Release histamine at sites of inflammation (mast cells do the same thing). Granular. 14-16 µm in diameter, contain lots of deep blue staining granules (basic) and a bilobed nucleus.
20-50 cells/uL blood
Neutrophils 60 %- Phagocytes, particularly against bacteria. Release cytotoxic compounds. Granular, 12-14 µm diameter, look bigger than the surrounding red blood cells. One single nucleus, which is multilobed, and can have between 2 and 5 lobes.
3000/7000 cells/uL blood
4800-10800 cells/uL blood
Platelets- tiny blood cells that help your body form clots to stop bleeding
4-7% blood
megakaryocytes
large blood marrow cell that gives rise to platelets
1/10,000 bone marrow cells
Erythrocytes (RBCs) - carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carbon dioxide as a waste product, away from the tissues and back to the lungs
4-6 million cells/uL blood
Stem Cells
Myeloid stem cell- Also gives rise to other formed elements. Involved in dendritic cell formation. Myeloid cells produce monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils , basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, and platelets
Lymphoid stem cell- produces lymphocytes,- B and T lymphocytes. Begin in red bone marrow, but complete their growth in lymphoid tissue.
Hematopoietic stem cell- gives rise to all formed elements in blood. It is able to differentiate into a variety of different type of cells. Forms blood and immune cells