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bbbiiiooolllooogggyyy (STANDARDS (3-2 (Construct an argument based on…
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STANDARDS
3-1
Develop and use a model to describe that structural changes to genes (mutations) may or may not result in changes to proteins, and if there are changes to proteins there may be harmful, beneficial, or neutral changes to traits.
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3-2
Construct an argument based on evidence for how asexual reproduction results in offspring with identical genetic information and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation. Compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.
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3-3
Communicate through writing and in diagrams that chromosomes contain many distinct genes and that each gene holds the instructions for the production of specific proteins, which in turn affects the traits of an individual.
3-4
Develop and use a model to show that sexually reproducing organisms have two of each chromosome in their cell nuclei, and hence two variants (alleles) of each gene that can be the same or different from each other, with one random assortment of each chromosome passed down to offspring from both parents.
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VOCAB
traits
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alleles
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gene
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chromosome
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
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proteins
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mutations
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genotype
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homozygous dominant
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genome
the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism.
sexual reproduction
the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types
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axeuxual
a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes
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