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Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis (Environmental & internal factors…
Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis
Energy Carriers
ATP
high energy phosphate bonds
3 ways ADP->ATP
photophosphorylation
light energy
oxidative phosphorylation
last stages of respiration
substrate-level phosphorylation
respire high-energy compounds from food
GTP
Reducing powered
oxidation
e- removed :no_entry:
oxidized compounds contain O
oxidizing agents
NAD+ & NADP+
take e- away from molecules
reduction
e- are added :check:
reduced compounds contain H+
reducing agents
NADH & NADPH
place e- onto molecules
ability to force e- onto compounds
vital
H2O & CO2 highly oxidized
redox potential
tendency to accept or donate e-
Photosynthesis
Stroma Reactions
CO2->carbohydrate
in stroma
need acceptor RuBP
CO2 and RuBP are 1:1
Light-dependent/thylakoid reactions
pigments
transfer energy to e-
e- raised to orbital of higher energy (activated)
ground state->excited state
absorb light
chlorophyll a
reaction center
fluorescence=pigment releases light
accessory pigments
broaden action spectrum
chlorophyll b
photosystem 1
little chlorophyll b
P700
photosystem 2
amount of Chl b~Chl a
working backward from PS1
P680
electron transport chain
chemiosmotic phophorylation
Electron carriers
#
cytochromes
heme group
iron is oxidized and reduced
membrane proteins (thylakoid)
plastoquinones
long hydrocarbon tail
chloroplast membranes
bind protons after e-
plastocyanin
e- carried on copper
chloroplast membranes
Anabolic metabolism
constructive
synthesis of polysaccharides
gluconeogenesis
synthesis of fats
Environmental & internal factors
light
3 important properties
quantity
duration
quality
leaf structure
minimize water loss
water
availability affects photosynthesis
C4 metabolism
in leaves with Kranz anatomy
crassulacean acid metabolism
conserves H2O while permitting photosynthesis
