Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Clinical Presentation (cyanosis…
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Clinical Presentation
cyanosis nail beds
fatigue
chest tightness
weight loss
wheezing
swelling feet/legs/ankles
shortness of breath
excess mucus
Diagnosis
chest x-ray
CT scan
Arterial blood gas
pulmonary function test
AAt lab test
spirometry test
Pathophysiology Chronic Bronchitis
air inflammation/fibrosis/airway narrows
fibrotic lung damage
increase WBC/cytokines/pro-inflammatory/interleukin-8
thick,tenacious mucus
bronchial edema/increase number & size goblet cells
Epithelium cells release inflammatory mediators
Irritant
Treatment
smoking cessation
inhaled/oral steroids
bronchodilators
theophylline
antibiotics
Risk Factors
age
genetics
occupational dust/chemicals
asthma
cigarette smoking
AAT deficiency
Epidemiology
poor ventilation& burning fuel cooking
3rd leading cause of death US
undeveloped countries fumes
affects men/women equal
women higher severity
Pathophsiology Emphysema
destruction of epithelial barrier
Proinflammatory amplify inflammation
Inflammatory response
destruction alveoli wall
hyperexpansion of chest
difficult expiration/air trap
Irritant
Home remedies/treatment
eat healthy food
exercise
control breathing/clear airways
avoid smoke/air pollution