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CHEST (HEART & VESSELS ANATOMY (CARDIAC SILHOUETTE Cardiothoracic…
CHEST
FILM FACTORS, VIEWS
high kVp (erases ribs, low contrast), low mAs (reduce blue from cardiac motion), low SID (reduce magnification, improve sharpness
VIEWS P-A Chest, Lateral Chest, AP Thoracic, Apices (Pancoast tumour), Obliques
LUNGS ANATOMY
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PLEURA SPACE between visceral & parietal pleura, fill w fluid / air?
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BRONCHIAL TREE trachea, carina T6-7, bronchi, lymph nodes
FISSURES space separates lobes & segments, major fissure (oblique thin white line), minor (horizontal)
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HEART & VESSELS ANATOMY
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HEART VESSELS ascending / descending aorta, pulmonary trunk, aortic arch, aortopulmonic window, main pulmonary arteries, vena cava, azygos vein
HILA pulmonary arteries, lymphatics, primary bronchi
CLEAR SPACES retrosternal (lungs meet anteriorly), retrocardiac (lungs meet posteriorly)
MEDIASTINUM anterior, middle, posterior
DIAPHRAGM costophrenic sulci, cardiophrenic sulci
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PERIPHERY
muscles, breasts (mastectomy), magenblase (gastric air)
OSSEOUS
RIBS fx best view on lateral, anterior rib halfway = costal cartilage, intercostal spaces
SPINE, STERNUM, SHOULDER GIRDLE
RADIOLOGY TERMS
The Silhouette Sign, Lingula, Air Bronchogram, Extra-pleural sign, Atelectasis (collapse of lobe),
NORMAL VARIANTS
ACCESSORY FISSURES superior, inferior, azygos (seen in R Apical)
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PECTUS EXCAVATUM lateral view, ribs more vertically
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SPRENGEL'S DEFORMITY undescended scapula, unilateral
RIBS ANOMALIES fused ribs, companion shadows, costochondral calcification, asymmetry / missing breast, large thymus in infants