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Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis (Environmental and Internal Factors…
Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis
Concepts
Entropy
Sunlight causes disorder in the universe
Directly
by Photosynthesis
CO2= Carbohydrate
ATP and NADPH
Indirectly
by respiration of Photosynthesis products
Photoautotrophs
uses direct sunlight as energy
all green plants
all cyanobacteria
few bacteria
make their own food
Carbon Dioxide
Water
various nitrates, sulfates
other minerals
Chlorophyllous
Heterotrophs
uses organic molecules to respire
all animals
all parasitic plants
all fungi
nonphotosynthetic prokaryotes
Roots
Wood
Flowers
Energy Reducing Power
Energy Carriers
enters chemical reactions
Pigments enter into every reaction necessary
Pigments can make smaller intermediates
Guanosine Triphosphate
Photophosphorylation
in Chloroplasts
Substrate-level Phosphorylation
all parts of the cell
Oxidative Phosphorylation
all parts of the cell
Reducing Power
Reduction Reactions
reduces a positive charge
Reduced compounds
Hydrogen
Oxidation Reactions
increases a positive charge
Oxidized compounds
Oxygen
Redox potential
Other Electron Carriers
Cytochromes
membrane protiens
carry electrons
Plastoquiones
Plastocyanin
Photosynthesis`
The Light-Dependent Reactions
The Nature of Light
Electromagnetic Radiation Spectrum
Gamma rays
X-rays
Ultraviolet light
Infrared light
Microwaves
Radio waves
Visible light
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Resonance
Photosystem 1
Photosystem 2
The Nature of Pigments
Pigments
absorb light
human skin
reflect light
flowers
fruits
animal skin
Accessory pigments
Release of light
Fluorescence
Photochemical process
Absorption Spectrum
Action Spectrum
Synthesis of ATP
Chemiosmotic Phosphorylation
ATP Synthase
Noncyclic Electron Transport
Cyclic Electron Transport
The Stroma Reactions
3-phosphoglyceraldehyde
Anabolic Metabolism
Short-term Storage
Intermediate Storage
Long-term Storage
Synthesis of Polysaccharides
products are nontoxic
Environmental and Internal Factors
Light
Quality of Sunlight
pure white
Quality of Light
brightness
Light Compression Point
Duration of Sunlight
Leaf Structure
Stroma
open
closed
Water
Stroma
open
C4 Metabolism
Photorespiration
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
